ZUOZHE:XURUIZHE
目前,全球累计确诊新冠肺炎病例超6000万例,累计死亡病例超140万例,100多个国家确诊病例超过万例。这不禁令人联想到100多年前的1918年大流感,据不完全统计造成全世界2000万到5000万人丧生,被称为有史以来最具破坏力的全球灾难性生物风险。
那么,今年新冠疫情,尤其是第二波疫情与1918大流感有何相似?一门面向全国高校开设、包含40多节微课的《名画中的瘟疫史》在线开放课程试图揭开答案。作为主讲人,上海健康医学院校长黄钢不仅进行专业解读,更以名家名画的独特视角加以佐证。他希望选课人不仅知史明史,而且借由名画共情历史,可谓“画布书史,鉴古知今”。
极速飞艇【HUAJIAYUQIZIXIANHOUBINGWANG,GUANZHUYIHOUHOUYIZHENG】
极速飞艇 SHISHISHANG,1918NIANBUJINSHILIUGANZHINIAN,YESHIDIYICISHIJIEDAZHANZHINIAN,ERLIUGANSIWANGZHESHUBEIYUZHANZHENGSIWANGZHE。ZHUMINGBIAOXIANZHUYIHUAJIAAIGONG·XILE,JIUSHIJIAOZHIZHANYIYUZHAN“YI”DEDIANXINGDAIBIAO。ZUOWEIAOXIONGDIGUOGONGMIN,TAYU1915NIANRUWU,DANGSHANG“WENYIBING”。1917NIAN,TAHUIDAOWEIYENA,ZHENGSHICHUANGZUOLIZUIWANGSHENGDESHIQI,CANJIALEGEGEDAXINGHUAZHAN。RANER,SHEICENGLIAOXIANG,1918NIANJIUSHITAHEQIZIDEZHONGRI。
1918NIANQIU,SHENHUAILIUJIADEXILEZHIQIAIDISIYINHUANLIUGANQUSHI,SANTIANZHIHOU,XILEYEYINLIUGANERBINGGU。HUANGGANGJIAOSHOUGAOSUXUESHENG,XILESHINIANZHIYOU28SUI,ZHEIZHENGSHIDANGNIANDALIUGANZUIYIFASHENGHEZUIYIZHISIDENIANLING。TONGWEIBIAOXIANZHUYIHUAJIADEAIDEHUA·MENGKE,NEINIAN55SUI,SUIHUANLIUGAN,QUEXINGMIANYUNAN。ZAI1918NIANDALIUGANZHONG,QINGZHUANGNIANSIWANGLVYUANGAOYUZHONGLAONIAN。
极速飞艇 XILEZAIBINGTONGZHONGZHENGZHAZHECHUANGZUOLETASHENGQIANZUIHOUYIFUJIEZUO《JIATING》。ZAIANHEIDEBEIJINGSHANG,HUAJIAYONGYOULIDEXIANTIAOHESEKUAI,QIMEIDIMIAOHUALEYIDUILUOSHENDEFUMUYIJITALIANGDEXIAOHAI,TAMENMUGUANGWUZHU,CHONGMANDUISHENGDEYUWANGHEDUISIDEKONGJU。HUANGGANGRENWEI,XILEZHEIGESHIQIDEHUAZUOZHONG,RENWUDOUSHISHOUHAIZHEDEZITAI,SIHUJINGSHOUZHEZHANZHENGYULIUGANDESHUANGZHONGTONGKU,XINGCHENGYIZHONGMORIZHIGAN。
极速飞艇 ZHENGRUXILEMINGHUA《SISHENYUSHAONV》,SHENZHECAIYIDESHAONVGUIBAIZAISISHENXIXIA,YANJINGWANGXIANGTACHU,KENENGSHIYISHANCHUANGHU,FANGFOKEWANGZHEZHEIGESHIJIEDEGUANGMANG,DAIZHEWUXIANYILIAN;ERDUANZUOZHEDESISHENSHIHEIPAOLAOZHEDEXINGXIANG,FUSHENYUSHAONVTOUBINGTOU,TAXIZHANGDEZHIJIANCHUANGUOSHAONVDETOUFA,KANBUJIANMUZHI,TONGSHIZAITADEERPANGQINGSUZHESHENME,BUZHIKEFOU。ZAISHENGLISIBIEZHIJIAN,XINGCHENGQIANGLIESHIJUECHONGJIDEXINLINGZHENHAN。
YOUJILUDESHUJUBIAOMING,ZAIDALIUGANZHONG,NANXINGBINVXINGGENGRONGYIGANRAN,RENSHENNVXINGYIJIFENMIANCHUDEYINGERSIWANGLVZEGAODA26%。HUANGGANGTIXING,LIUGANZHIYIDEHOUYIZHENGQISHIBIJIAOYANZHONG,YIXILIEBAODAOFANYINGLIUGANHUANZHEKENENGTUOFA、YACHITUOLUO、SHIMIAN、TOUYUN、TINGLIXIAJIANG,XIUJUESHENZHISHIJUEJIANGDI,ERJINGSHENFANGMIAN,YIYUZHENGZAI1919NIANZHANYOUXIANGDANGDEBILI。“XINGUANFEIYANZHIHOUSHIFOUYINGGAIGENGDUOGUANZHUYOUCIKENENGCHANSHENGDEHOUYIZHENG,SHIFOUHUIYOUGENGDUODEXIANGSIXINGNI?”TATANJIUZHE。
极速飞艇【“XIBANYALIUGAN”XIWUCHUAN,DIERBOSIWANGLVGENGGAO】
1918NIANDALIUGANYUYIZHANYOUHEGUANLIAN,WEIHEYOUBEIWUCHENGWEI“XIBANYALIUGAN”,RUHEZAITONGYINIANFASHENGLEDIERBO?ZUOWEIJINGPINHUADETONGSHIHEXINKECHENG,HUANGGANGZAIJIANGKEZHONGBUJIN“FUKE”YIQINGZHIZHONGHUAZUORUHEDANSHENG,YEMONILISHICHANGJING。YOUHUASHUOHUA,YOUSHISHUOSHI。
30DUONIANQIAN,HUASHENGDUNZHOULIDAXUETUSHUGUANLI,YIWEILISHIXUEJIASUISHOUFANKAIBIAOZHE1917DENIANJIAN,SHUZHONGJIZAI1917NIANMEIGUORENRENJUNSHOUMING51SUI;TAYOUNAQI1919NIANDENEIBENNIANJIAN,NEIYINIANMEIGUORENRENJUNSHOUMINGTONGYANGSHI51SUI;DANTANAQI1918NIANNIANJIANDETONGYISHUYE,DANGNIANMEIGUORENJUNSHOUMINGZHIYOU39SUI。1918,TADEFUQINDUITABIKOUBUTAN,DUIFUBEIERYAN,ZHEIYINIANHAOXIANGCONGLAIMEIYOUCUNZAIGUO。1989NIAN,ZHEIBUZHONGSHUNEIDUANLISHIDE《BEIMEIGUOYIWANGDEZAINAN》CHUBAN。
HUANGGANGRENWEI,1918DALIUGANKANCHENGBEIYIWANGDELIUXINGBING“SHIJIEDAZHAN”。TAFASHENGZAI4NIANLING4GEYUEDEYIZHANHOUQI,1917NIANQIMEIGUOJIARUZHEICHANG6500WANRENDESHIJIEDAZHAN。1918NIANCHUNLIUGANJIUZAIJUNZHONGMANYAN,ERCISHIZHENGZHIDAPIMEIGUODABINGCANZHAN,TAMENYONGJIZAIMIBICHUANCANGZHONG,KUAYUEDAXIYANGFUOUCANZHAN。GEXIEYUEGUOZHENYINGZHONG,YECHUXIANFARE、KESOUDENGLIUGANZHENGZHUANG,LIUGANDEPANDUOLAHEZIYOUCIDAKAI。
SHISHISHANG,YIZHANZHONGDEXIBANYASHIZHONGLIGUO,5YUEDISANZHOUSHOUDOUMADELIJUXINGNIANDUQINGDIAN,GUOWANGYEZAIMIJIRENQUNZHONGRANSHANGLIUGAN,SUIHOUSHENBIANDACHENDOUZAOGANRAN。HUANGGANGJIESHICHENG,YOUYUDANGNIANQITACANZHANGUOGUANQIEZHANSHI,DUILIUGANYIQINGDEXIAOXIHUOHUSHIHUOFENGSUO,YUSHIXIBANYABAOFALIUGANFANERCHENGLEXINWEN,BIANBEISHIRENLIUCHUANWEI“XIBANYADALIUGAN”。
极速飞艇 LISHIYOUSHIJINGRENXIANGSI。ZAI8YUEFENLIUGANCHUXIANYIDINGHUANJIEHOU,ZHANZHENGSIHUYEYAOJIESHULE,ZHUZHANFANGDEGUOYU1918NIANDE“SHUANGSHIYI”XUANBUTOUJIANG。QIUDONGZHIJI,ZAIYINGFAMEIDENGGUO,RENMENZOUSHANGJIETOU、JIHUIGUANGCHANG,ZAIHUANQINGSHENGLIGUOCHENGZHONGXIANGHUYONGBAO,“TIANSHIRENHE”CHENGLEBINGDUCHUANBODELIANGHAOWENCHUANG。HUANGGANGFAXIAN,CONGDANGSHIDEXINWENZILIAOZHAOPIANKAN,XIONGYONGRENCHAOZHONG,JIHUMEIYOURENPEIDAIKOUZHAO,WUSHENFANGFANCUOSHI。
极速飞艇 CONGSHIJIANXIANSHANGKAN,XILEHEQIZIDEBINGWANGQIAQIASHIDALIUGANDEDIERBO。HUANGGANGBIAOSHI,ZAICHUNJILIUXINGZHONGBINGMEIYOUGAOSIWANGLV,ERZAIDANGNIAN11YUEFENSIWANGLVZAICHUANGXINGAO。
【YIZHEGANRANXIANCHUSHENGMING,BINGDUWUXIANERRENLEIYOUXIAN】
极速飞艇 ZAOZAIGONGYUANQIAN430NIANDEYADIANDAWENYI,ZUOWEIRENLEILISHISHANGDIYICHANGYOUZHEXIANGSHIJIZAIDEWENYI,ZAIRENLEIWENHUASHISHANGSHIYADIANWENMINGHUANGJINSHIDAIDELUOMU,ZAIRENLEIWENYISHISHANGZESHIYICHANGXUQU。ER1918NIANDALIUGANZHIHOU,SHANGSHIJI50NIANDAICENGFASHENGYAZHOUDALIUGAN,DAOZHI200DUOWANRENSIWANG。SHIWEIZUZHICESUAN,MEINIANDOUYOU300WANDAO500WANRENGANRANLIUGAN。
ZAIZHENGGEDIQIUDEWENYISHISHANG,HUAJIAMENYONGZIJIHUABIZHONGSHIDIJILUZHEYISHUDEZHENSHI。PIRUKAOWEIERZUOPIN《ZHENGFUHUANGREBING》,MIAOHUILE1902NIANGUBAYISHENGKALUOSI·FENLAIDUIMEIGUOHUANGREBINGYANJIUWEIYUANHUIZHUXILIDEBAOGAO,HUANGREBINGSHIYOUAIJIYIWENCHUANBODE。HOULAI,WEIYUANHUIYANZHENGLEZHEIYIJIASHE。HUAMIANSHANG,TAMENZAIGUBAKANGWEIERYINGQUJINXINGHUANGREBINGSHIYAN,KALUOSIZIYUANBEIWENCHONGDINGYAOGANRAN。HOULAI,CANYUZHEIXIANGSHIYANDELAZEERBUXINGSIYUHUANGREBINGGANRAN,XIANSHENYURENLEIYIBINGFANGZHISHIYE。
LINGYIFUYIXUETICAIDEMINGHUAYESHIMINGYIDEZUOPIN,TAJIUSHIBAIQIUENDAFUDEZIHUAXIAOXIANG。HUANGGANGGAOSUSHISHENG,BAIQIUENSHOUGUOLIANGHAODEMEISHUJIAOYU,JINGCHANGDONGSHOUCHUANGZUOYOUHUA。ZHEIFUCHUANGZUOYUTELUDUOLIAOYANGYUANDEZIHUAXIANG,YANSHENZHONGTOULUCHUYIDIANMIMANG,ZHANXIANLETALIHUANFEIJIEHEZHIHOUKOUWENSHENGMINGYIYIDEYIKE。“XIANGSIERSHENG,ZHUANSHENQUAI”,ZHIHOUBAIQIUENBENFUXIBANYA,ZUJIANSHUXUEXIAOFENDUIHUOYUEZAIJIUHUQIANXIAN,ZAIHOULAITACANJIAYUANHUAYILIAODUI,BUYUANWANLILAIDAOZHONGGUO,XISHENGZAIKANGZHANZHANCHANGSHANG。ZAIZHONGGUOYISHUJIAHUAZUOZHONG,BAIQIUENYINZHANDISHOUSHUZISHANGERGANRAN,ZUOSHOUBUZAILINGBIAN,QUERENGRANYONGYOUSHOUWANQIANGDIWEISHANGYUANCHULISHANGKOU。
ZHENGRUMEIGUOLISHIXUEJIAMAIKENIERZAI《WENYIYUREN》YISHUZHONGSUOYAN:“CHUANRANBINGZAILISHISHANGCHUXIANDENIANDAIZAOYURENLEI,WEILAIYEJIANGHUIHERENLEITIANZHANGDIJIUDIGONGCUN,ERQIE,TAYEYIDINGHUIHECONGQIANYIYANG,SHIRENLEILISHIZHONGDEYIXIANGJIBENCANSHUYIJIJUEDINGYINZI。”HUANGGANGXIWANGRENMENYISHIDAOBINGDUDEWUXIANXINGYURENLEIDEYOUXIANXING,“YONGYUANBUYAOHUSHISHENGMINGDECUIRUO,YONGYUANBUYAODIGUZIRANDEYEMAN,YONGYUANBUYAOQINGSHIYIXUEDELILIANG。”
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